How to Build Social Community Measure The Impact With Shonali Burke

Step by step instructions to Build Social Community Measure The Impact With Shonali Burke Advertisers invest a great deal of time, vitality, and cash assembling their interpersonal organizations to interface with, draw in, and share data with devotees. What amount would it be advisable for you to put resources into a stage and measure what you’re receiving in return? Today, my visitor is Shonali Burke, originator and driving teacher of Social PR Virtuosa and president and CEO of Shonali Burke Consulting. She urges advertisers to consider their informal communities a social network and offers how to interface with your social network to add worth and importance to your system, item, or administration. Plan, Paine, and MySpace: Community being created through social space Is conventional advertising (PR) dead? Observation and change of PR Returning individuals to advertising; getting to the core of what somebody's identity is and what’s imperative to them Pattern of regular marriage between web based life and PR; organizations stepping up to the plate and making changes to organization culture Reason and Mission: How to utilize and use online networking to develop valid networks and make people’s lives better, simpler, and progressively fun Two spots to discover stories: Customers and Company Initial step to building and initiating crowd; what you’re requesting that they do, why The most effective method to gauge ROI; relies upon objectives and information Most regular error made by PR experts and planners Connections: Shonali Burke Consulting Inc. Social PR Virtuoso Internet based life Day at Minnesota State University Moorhead Katie Delahaye Paine Returning the Public in Public Relations by Deirdre Breakenridge and Brian Solis Advertising Society of America (PRSA) Jon Ferrara (author of Nimble) Andy Crestodina Online life Metrics by Jim Sterne Compose an audit on iTunes and send a screen capture of it to get a cool loot sack! On the off chance that you enjoyed today’s appear, if it's not too much trouble buy in on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The digital broadcast is likewise accessible on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Statements by Shonali Burke: â€Å"The view of advertising, sadly, has not changed, which is that it is fundamentally media relations, it is exposure, it is turn, and it’s flack, and that pisses me off!† â€Å"I think the customers who work with me drink that Kool-Aid. It’s going to be measurable.† â€Å"Companies are considering it to be a pattern. I don’t think it’s truly going to change, except if an organization culture changes, and that is really where change needs to begin.† â€Å"Ultimately, every item or administration that succeeds makes people’s lives better.†

Studies in Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Studies in Literature - Essay Example A plot conveys nine components including composition, hinting, instigating power, strife, rising activity, emergency, peak, falling activity and outcome. The three components of plot have been depicted beneath: (ii) Conflict: Conflict is the focal and most predominant piece of the bit of writing, which is the essential component in the formation of plot itself. The improvements in the story are needy of ascending of man’s strife with his social set up, culture, strict conviction or his own self. (iii) Rising Action: Rising activity just methods the ensuing chain of occasions made in the repercussions of contention. Rising activity is commonly the result of quick incitement or impelling power that prepares towards arriving at the peak point. NOVEL: Literally implies something new, most recent or inventive, novel alludes to crafted by fiction, story or story, portraying some account around one or hardly any particular character(s) in a long writing structure. Novel is expressed to be the creation of eighteenth century, and Richardson’s Pamela (1741) is considered as the principal novel throughout the entire existence of English writing. Despite the fact that novel showed up as a kind of writing late in correlation with the dramatization and verse, yet it quickly caught the consideration of the perusers all over the place, and has gotten one of the most mainstream types of present day writing. A novelette additionally contains indistinguishable attributes from conveyed by a novel, yet the significant distinction between the two is this that novel comprises of relatively huge number of words and characters, while a novelette is exact in regard of words and rundown of characters. Tolstoy keeps up momentous order over depicting the severe real factors of life from one viewpoint, and bringing up the overall social wrongs on the other. Being an exceptionally delicate essayist and a splendid spectator, he skilfully between weaves the occasions occurring in the life of his

Essay --

During youths, there is an expanded powerlessness for melancholy because of natural, psychological, and socio-ecological changes. For this paper, I will talk about Scarlet, a multi year old Hispanic female whose guardians have separated from two years prior, and as a result of that Scarlet has been showing indications of Persistent Depressive Disorder and Oppositional and Defiant Disorder. This paper will audit writing which bolsters Cognitive Behavioral Therapy just like a successful type of treatment for misery with young people. I will likewise audit writing which underpins Family Therapy similar to a compelling treatment for teenagers with parent-kid social issues. I will likewise talk about any issues identified with culture, ethnicity, and age in regards to Scarlet and her family. Client’s Presenting Problems Red is a multi year old Hispanic female who dwells in Edison with her natural mother. Red is as of now a lesser at JP Steven’s secondary school. Red was alluded on the grounds that she is showing side effects of despondency as prove by detaching herself from her family and companions, crabbiness, inordinate resting, a background marked by self-destructive ideations, and lost interests she used to appreciate. Red likewise shows oppositional and resistant practices as prove by consistent contentious conduct, outrage upheavals, refusal to adhere to the principles, and reviling and shouting at her mother every day. Red was hospitalized at UMDNJ for six days in January of 2013 after an episode where a truant official took her out of the road. Scarlet’s mother detailed Scarlet was messaging her â€Å"I wish I was dead.† Scarlet’s mother announced the two guardians separated from two years prior and Scarlet’s conduct started to decay in the blink of an eye ... ...e to her age and her issues couldn't be taken genuine basically on the grounds that she is a â€Å"teenager†. Taking everything into account, There is an expanded helplessness for discouragement in teenagers because of natural, subjective, and socio-ecological changes. For this paper, I talked about Scarlet, a multi year old Hispanic female whose guardians have separated from two years prior, and due to that Scarlet has been showing manifestations of Persistent Depressive Disorder and Oppositional and Defiant Disorder. I checked on writing which underpins Cognitive Behavioral Therapy similar to a compelling type of treatment for despondency with young people. I will likewise checked on writing which underpins Family Therapy just like a successful treatment for youths with parent-youngster social issues. Red will doubtlessly profit by CBT and family treatment given the association of her folks in treatment.

Religion and Deception in Boccaccio’s The Decameron - Literature Essay Samples

The word â€Å"faith† in reference to religion emphasizes the uncertain nature of religion. By definition, if one is religious, they must trust and take a leap of faith to come to a conclusion about their gods, spirits, or idols. Faith is predicated upon the notion that there may never be undeniable proof about a certain religious figure or idea. Rather, one must believe regardless of shaky or nonexistent evidence. One must trust their religious institutions, the word of those with religious authority, or the experiences of those deemed to be trustworthy. This an idea the Boccaccio explores, tests, and violates his book, The Decameron, influenced by literature’s movement towards secular realism. When it came to religion, people especially in the time which Boccaccio wrote, had the reflex to believe rather than refute. Through the secular lens of Boccaccio, it is clear to see that this reflex sets people up for deceit. This theme that religion causes susceptibility to de lusion can be best seen in key stories of the Decameron: the story about Saint Ciappelletto and the story about Friar Alberto. In The Decameron, after the group of travelers have gotten settled as they flee the plague that has infected Florence, they begin to tell stories. The queen of the day, Pampinea, elects Panfilo to begin with one of his stories, allowing him to speak on whichever topic he prefers. Before embarking on his story, Panfilo spends a considerable amount of time talking about God, saying â€Å"everything done by man should begin with the sacred and admirable name of Him that was the maker of all things† (Boccaccio 68). He goes on for another page or so, describing the grace and good deeds of his god, describing him as â€Å"He from whom nothing is hidden† (69). This phrase is crucial, as it sets up early on in the narrative of both the story and the book as a whole God’s inability to be tricked or deceived. This not only underscores the character’s trust in God, but also prepares the reader to expect a great deal of trickery to occur throughout the book to which h umans are susceptible. Panfilo continues, emphasizing that God’s omniscience regardless of the motives of the supplicant or ignorance of intercessor. Leading into his story, Panfilo says that all of God’s virtues â€Å"can clearly be seen in the tale I propose to relate; and I say clearly because it is concerned not with the judgement of God but with that of men† (69). By emphasizing the purity of God and inevitable inaccuracy of mankind, Boccaccio preps the reader to pay attention to how one’s own humanity in a religious context can lead to deceit or wrongdoing. Following this preface, Panfilo begins his story with a man called Ciappelletto, which means little chapel, although his name was really Cepparello which refers to a log (70). It is significant that the main character of the story’s name means chapel, because we are led to dislike this character. He is described as a â€Å"mighty blasphemer of god and his saints†, specifically â€Å"cheerfully assaulting or kill people with his own hands† and â€Å"losing his temper on the tiniest pretext† (71). The irony that he has a holy name and being a bad person, while also serves a comedic purpose, also serves to show Boccaccio’s dislike of the church. If one imagines reading the Decameron in Italian, and the reference to a little chapel is painfully clear every time Ciappelletto’s name is mentioned, especially when in a negative context. It seems as though Boccaccio is priming the reader to carry a negative sentiment towards the institutions of religi on, like a little chapel. When Ciappelletto became mortally ill, he requested the â€Å"holiest and ablest friar† for his final confession (73). This request in itself is counterintuitive. If Ciappelletto was truly a bad man, why should he request the presence of a friar in the first place? Or, why would he ask for the holiest friar who would condemn him for his wicked life? The answers to these questions soon become clear, when Ciappelletto begins a series of false confessions which lead the friar to believe that he was in fact a deeply pure and spiritual man which contrast with his true personality. Ciappelletto’s trick quickly becomes clear as the friar believes his every word, praising â€Å"how nobly you have lived!† (74). The false stories which Ciappelletto tells about his life are bold. His â€Å"sins† are so overwhelmingly perfect; he says he is a virgin (74), that he fasted regularly (74), that he only loses his temper when people commit blasphemy (76), that he has never lied in the entire duration of his life (77), and so on. As good of a liar that Ciappelletto might be, it is hard to believe that a holy and rational man that we assume the friar to be would believe claims so brazen as these. It is even harder to believe when we remember that the friar practices in Burgundy, whose people are described as â€Å"thoroughly bad and unprincipled set of people† (70). In order to understand why the friar was so eager to believe Ciappelletto and preach his saintly reputation one must recall the aftermath of Ciappelletto’s death. People were so excited about Saint Ciappelletto that â€Å"everyone thronged round the body†(80) at the church of the friar. People even â€Å"began to make votive offerings and to decorate the chapel with figures made of wax† (81). The church at which Ciappelletto was buried, the church of the friar, gained a great deal of fame. With fame comes people, with people comes increased reputation, and when the reputation of a church increases, so does the amount of offerings and money the church receives. This is where Boccaccio’s theme about the susceptibility to deception that religion induces becomes clear. The friar may very well be the â€Å"holiest and ablest friar† that anybody could hope for (73). Regardless, he so desperately wanted Ciappelletto to be a saint, knowing the fame that a s aint at his church might bring, that he tricked himself into believing Ciappelletto’s audacious lies. His faith made him gullible to Ciappelleto’s trick. The gullible behavior of the friar is not forgotten on the fourth day, when Pampinea prefaces her story by stating that she aims to â€Å"illustrate the extraordinary and perverse hypocrisy of the members of religious orders† (343). Her accusation continues, saying that â€Å"they are pulling a passive confidence trick, of which they themselves, if they really believe what they say, are the earliest victims† (343). This sentence directly applies to the friar in in the story about Ciappelletto, who allowed himself to be tricked into thinking he was in the presence of a saint, and whose religious authority impressed this lie upon people far and wide. It is also important to note that Pampinea applies the blame to the friar and those in charge of religious institutions, not religion itself. In fact, she looks to God, without the interference of a human or institution, to â€Å"punish [the friar’s] lies† (343). Pampinea’s story also deals with a friar, however her friar is more forward about his intention to deceive. She introduces a â€Å"crooked† (343) man named Berto della Massa, who changed his name and outward persona to â€Å"the most Catholic man who ever lived† (344), Friar Alberto. He tricks a beautiful and vain woman named Monna Lisetta into sleeping with him by saying that the Angel Gabriel has fallen in love with her, so he’d like to use the Friar’s earthly body to fulfil his desire (345-347). Whenever he wishes, the Friar Alberto visits her in his angel disguise, and Monna Lisetta happily obliges. Though the audience is not meant to perceive the lady Lisetta in the most positive light, she is introduced as â€Å"frivolous and scatterbrained† (344), we also must remember that she is a religious woman. She went to be confessed by the Friar who was held to be a one of the best friars available to her. Not only that, but her confession was thorough, as evidenced when Boccaccio writes that â€Å"she had only gotten through a fraction of her business, kneeling all the time at his feet[]† (345). She was also particularly devoted to the Angel Gabriel, â€Å"she never failed to light a fourpenny candle in his honour† (347). This religious trait of hers is crucial when it comes to the deception she fell for at the hands of Friar Alberto. She had no reason not to trust Friar Alberto, nor did she have any reason to doubt that the Angel Gabriel might be in love with her, as she was devoted to him in particular. In fact, her vanity and devotion provided her great motiva tion to believe the impossible idea that an angel had fallen for her. She greatly wanted to be special and holy, so she allowed herself, just like the friar in the previous story, to be tricked. The Friar used his religious authority, knowing the expectations of Catholicism to make judgements of faith without irrefutable evidence, to deceive an innocent albeit â€Å"half-wit† (345) woman. The first half of this story echoes the previous story discussed. The distrust of religious institutions, like Ciappelletto â€Å"little chapel†, and understanding a friar’s humanity allow this new story, that is so outwardly judgemental towards Catholicism, to take place. Different from the story about Saint Ciappelletto, though, the conclusion of this story is much more violent. When it is revealed that somebody disguised as the Angel Gabriel had been sleeping with Monna Lisetta, Friar Alberto is forced to flee. After a series of events, a man described exclusively as â€Å"honest† (351) tricks the Friar into walking through the town square on a leash covered in honey and feathers (352). Friar Alberto is recognized and ridiculed, the townspeople â€Å"jeered at him in unison, calling him by the foulest names and shouting the filthiest abuse† (352). In this story, justice is served, and the Friar is punished for his deception. It is important to note, tho ugh, that his punishment, although administered by an â€Å"honest† man, was dependent upon deception. Friar Alberto believed him in his desperation. This small part of the story is an important example of deception because it proves that people are deceived not because the trick played upon them was impossible to refute, but because they need to believe. This notion parallels and supports that those who want to believe, like people do with religion, are likely to be deceived. The story ends when the other friars of the town came to save Friar Alberto by covering him with a cape and escorting him away (353). They then lock him in his room, and â€Å"there he is believed to have eked out the rest of his days in wretchedness and misery† (353). The friars did not publicly condemn him, nor did they kick him out of their church. Though he is not returned to his former glory, he is not convicted nor is he held as an example. The friar’s silence about the matter of his deception serves as an acceptance of his actions. Their responsibility for the outcome of the narrative is emphasized in the final line story, â€Å"[m]ay it please God that a similar fate should befall each and every one of his fellows† (353). It becomes clear that â€Å"his fellows† refers to the other friars in the story. By using the term â€Å"fellows† rather than something more specific, this condemnation can also be applied all other priests and friars who lie, deceive, and pretend to know the word of God. This is crucial because it solidifies the assertion that it is not just particular instances of trickery that happen to coincide with religion. Boccaccio clarifies that the institution of religion allows people to be tricked and makes believes susceptible to delusion. That the word of God must pass through a human who is not immune to sin or mistakes makes instances like these inevitable. People are willing to believe because the very foundation of their religion is based on faith rather than proof. With this in mind, it becomes clear why it is easy and common to lie by preying on religious beliefs. This proven in the story about Saint Ciappelletto and the friar who wanted so badly for Ciappelletto to be a saint that he believed his outrageous lies. His point is further complicated in the story about Friar Alberto. By proving that not just supplicants can trick and intercessor’s believe, but a friar too can use his influence to deceive. This instance is, in some ways, more dangerous, as friars are supposed to be trusted. In each of these stories, Boccaccio refrains from criticizing spirituality as a whole. Rather, as emphasized by the condemnation of friars in the Friar Alberto story, Boccaccio’s criticism is directed towards the ins titutions, the friars, and chapel, (Ciappelletto). In showing his that religion and Catholic institutions make people susceptible to delusion, Boccaccio establishes the humanist theory secularism. This turn towards humanism, and therefore secularism, became crucial in the history of literature and academics. Through this secular lens, it is clear to see Boccaccio’s criticism of the reflex to believe in religious matters unquestionably, and how the practice of religion of the time and norms of religious institutions sets people up to be deceived

History and Design of Submarines

Designs for underwater boats or submarines date back to the 1500s and ideas for underwater travel date back even further. However, it was not until the 19th century that the first useful submarines began to appear. During the Civil War, the Confederates built the H.L. Hunley, the submarine that sank a Union ship. The U.S.S. Housatonic was built in 1864. But it wasnt until after World War I began that the first truly practical and modern submarines were invented. The submariners problem has always been how to improve his underwater endurance and performance, and both capabilities are defined by the ship. Early in submarine history the submariners problem often was how to make his ship work at all. Hollow Papyrus Reeds Historical accounts point out that man has always sought to explore the ocean depths. An early record from the Nile Valley in Egypt gives us the first illustration. It is a wall painting that shows duck hunters, bird spears in hand, creeping up to their prey beneath the surface as they breathe through hollow papyrus reeds. The Athenians are said to have used divers to clear the harbor entrance during the siege of Syracuse. And Alexander the Great, in his operations against Tyre, ordered divers to destroy any submersible vehicle (submarine) defenses the city might undertake to build. While in none of these records does it actually say that Alexander had any kind of submersible vehicle, legend has it that he descended in a device that kept its occupants dry and admitted light. William Bourne - 1578 Not until 1578 did any record appear of a craft designed for underwater navigation. William Bourne, a former Royal Navy gunner, designed a completely enclosed boat that could be submerged and rowed beneath the surface. His creation was a wooden framework bound in waterproofed leather. It was to be submerged by using hand vises to contract the sides and decrease the volume. Although Bournes idea never got beyond the drawing board, a similar apparatus was launched in 1605. But it didnt get much farther because the designers had neglected to consider the tenacity of underwater mud. The craft became stuck in the river bottom during its first underwater trial. Cornelius Van Drebbel - 1620 What might be called the first practical submarine was a rowboat covered with greased leather. It was the idea of Cornelius Van Drebbel, a Dutch doctor living in England, in 1620. Van Drebbels submarine was powered by rowers pulling on oars that protruded through flexible leather seals in the hull. Snorkel air tubes were held above the surface by floats, thus permitting a submergence time of several hours. Van Drebbels submarine successfully maneuvered at depths of 12 to 15 feet below the surface of the Thames River. Van Drebbel followed his first boat with two others. The later models were larger but they relied upon the same principles. Legend has it that after repeated tests, King James I of England rode in one of his later models to demonstrate its safety. Despite its successful demonstrations, Van Drebbels invention failed to arouse the interest of the British Navy. It was an age when the possibility of submarine warfare was still far in the future. Giovanni Borelli - 1680 In 1749 the British periodical Gentlemens Magazine printed a short article describing a most unusual device for submerging and surfacing. Reproducing an Italian scheme developed by Giovanni Borelli in 1680, the article depicted a craft with a number of goatskins built into the hull. Each goatskin was to be connected to an aperture at the bottom. Borelli planned to submerge this vessel by filling the skins with water and to surface it by forcing the water out with a twisting rod. Even though Borellis submarine was never built it provided what was probably the first approach to the modern ballast tank. Continue David Bushnells Turtle Submarine The first American submarine is as old as the United States itself. David Bushnell (1742-1824), a Yale graduate, designed and built a submarine torpedo boat in 1776. The one-man vessel submerged by admitting water into the hull and surfaced by pumping it out with a hand pump. Powered by a pedal-operated propeller and armed with a keg of powder, the egg-shaped Turtle gave Revolutionary Americans high hopes for a secret weapon - a weapon that could destroy the British warships anchored in New York Harbor. Turtle Submarine: Use as a Weapon The Turtles torpedo, a keg of powder, was to be attached to an enemy ships hull and detonated by a time fuse. On the night of September 7, 1776, the Turtle, operated by an Army volunteer, Sergeant Ezra Lee, conducted an attack on the British ship HMS Eagle. However, the boring device that was operated from inside the oak-planked Turtle failed to penetrate the target vessels hull. It is likely that the wooden hull was too hard to penetrate, the boring device hit a bolt or iron brace, or the operator was too exhausted to screw in the weapon. When Sergeant Lee attempted to shift the Turtle to another position beneath the hull, he lost contact with the target vessel and ultimately was forced to abandon the torpedo. Although the torpedo was never attached to the target, the clockwork timer detonated it about an hour after it was released. The result was a spectacular explosion that ultimately forced the British to increase their vigilance and to move their ships anchorage further out in the harbor. Royal Navy logs and reports from this period make no mention of this incident, and it is possible that the Turtles attack may be more submarine legend than a historical event. David Bushnell Larger Photo of Turtle SubmarineDavid Bushnell built a unique vessel, called the Turtle, designed to be propelled underwater by an operator who turned its propeller by hand. David Bushnells American TurtleThe only working, full-scale model of David Bushnells 1776 invention, the American Turtle. David Bushnell 1740-1826The most sensational contribution of patriot and inventor David Bushnell to the American Revolutionary War effort was the worlds first functioning submarine. Continue Robert Fulton and the Nautilus Submarine Then came another American, Robert Fulton, who in 1801 successfully built and operated a submarine in France, before turning his inventing talents to the steamboat. Robert Fulton - Nautilus Submarine 1801 Robert Fultons cigar-shaped Nautilus submarine was driven by a hand-cranked propeller when submerged and had a kite-like sail for surface power. The Nautilus submarine was the first submersible to have separate propulsion systems for surfaced and submerged operations. It also carried flasks of compressed air that permitted the two-man crew to remain submerged for five hours. William Bauer - 1850 William Bauer, a German, built a submarine in Kiel in 1850 but met with little success. Bauers first boat sank in 55 feet of water. As his craft was sinking, he opened the flood valves to equalize the pressure inside the submarine so the escape hatch could be opened. Bauer had to convince two terrified seamen that this was the only means of escape. When the water was at chin level, the men were shot to the surface with a bubble of air that blew the hatch open. Bauers simple technique was rediscovered years later and employed in modern submarines escape compartments that operate on the same principle. Continue The Hunley During the American Civil War, Confederate inventor Horace Lawson Hunley converted a steam boiler into a submarine. This Confederate submarine called the could be propelled at four knots by a hand-driven screw. Unfortunately, the submarine sank twice during trials in Charleston, South Carolina. These accidental sinkings in Charleston harbor cost the lives of two crews. In the second accident the submarine was stranded on the bottom and Horace Lawson Hunley himself was asphyxiated with eight other crew members. The Hunley Subsequently, the submarine was raised and renamed the Hunley. In 1864, armed with a 90-pound charge of powder on a long pole, the Hunley attacked and sank a new Federal steam sloop, USS Housatonic, at the entrance to Charleston Harbor. After her successful attack on Housatonic, the Hunley disappeared and her fate remained unknown for 131 years. In 1995 the wreck of the Hunley was located four miles off Sullivans Island, South Carolina. Even though she sank, the Hunley proved that the submarine could be a valuable weapon in time of war. Biography - Horace Lawson Hunley 1823-1863 Horace Lawson Hunley was born in Sumner County, Tennessee, on 29 December 1823. As an adult, he served in the Louisiana State Legislature, practiced law in New Orleans and was a generally notable figure in that area. In 1861, after the start of the American Civil War, Horace Lawson Hunley joined James R. McClintock and Baxter Watson in building the submarine Pioneer, which was scuttled in 1862 to prevent its capture. The three men later constructed two submarines at Mobile, Alabama, the second of which was named H.L. Hunley. This vessel was taken to Charleston, South Carolina, in 1863, where it was to be used to attack blockading Union ships. During a test dive on 15 October 1863, with Horace Lawson Hunley in charge, the submarine failed to surface. All on board, including Horace Lawson Hunley, lost their lives. On 17 February 1864, after it had been raised, refurbished and given a new crew, H.L. Hunley became the first submarine to successfully attack an enemy warship when she sank USS Housatonic off Charleston. Continue The USS Holland John Holland

The Fallacy of ‘Emancipation’ African Americans in...

The African-American during the Reconstruction Era probably felt victorious as well as discomfited. Prior to the Civil war, slaves hoped freedom would give them the right of equal status in American society, but their dream of an egalitarian America was impeded after Lincoln’s assassination. To add to former slave woes, the southern economy lay destitute. Many southerners felt the added wage earners (former slaves) would destroy the cotton business’s productivity. Stated thus, many African-Americans were subjugated by White Elitists. Nevertheless, black Floridians advocated for economic, social, and even political equality, despite the hostile environment. This is interesting because it goes against the popular misconception of Florida’s†¦show more content†¦The United States, Florida included, went through changes that were tough on many southerners. The Florida African-American found changes in education, federal as well as state legislation, social i deologies and economic prospects both beneficial and detrimental to finding equality. We cannot stress the important differences between Presidents during the initial years of Reconstruction. Abraham Lincoln, and Andrew Johnson played important roles in legislating post war policies. After the war, one of the major questions to consider was how to reintegrate the former seceded states back into the Union. Lincoln looked to stabilize the Union, thus he acknowledged that post war policy-making should be enforced by statewide legislation (through his Ten Point Plan) not by Washington -- though the federal government would regulate statewide politics to make sure compliance was met satisfactorily. But northern republicans would not compromise with Lincoln’s plan, they passed the Wade-Davis Bill to counter the Ten-Point Plan, which disfranchised southerners who took oath in compliance with the Amnesty Proclamations. Following his assassination, Democrats and Republicans continua lly battled for legislative power. His former Vice-President did not entirely agree with his political philosophy as Johnson, in agreement with many of the hard nosed northerners, enacted a stronger federal policy toward southern states. ForShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform

Commercial and Corporation Law Law and Government Update

Question: Describe about the Commercial and Corporation Law for Law and Government Update. Answer: Section 198 A: The section is a big boost to the entrepreneurs in Australia. The section has offered significant power to the board to deal with any matter connecting to the operation of the company. This power is exclusive, and known as delegator power of the board. The board according to their role can issue shares and debentures and if required can seek financing from banks or any other financial institution unless the constitution of the company provide otherwise. As far as historical back ground of the Section 198A of Australian Corporation Act, 2001 is concerned, it was introduced in the Australian parliament as a supplementary version of Replaceable Rule through section 135 which also allocates directors to continue business without any interruption(Legislation, 2001). The back ground behind the section clearly indicates the lawmakers intention to provide significant power to the board to deal with matters related to the company. The interventions of the shareholders are being limited to the constitution power. Here constitution is referred as MOA and AOA of the company. The parliamentary affairs related to discussion on the section started back in 1998 and later on after much deliberation it was enacted on July 1, 1998. In reference of section 135, the board was given the power based on concept of Replaceable Rule ratified by the constitution of the company. The target is to ensure that company operates smoothly and manages the day to day operation of the company (Austlii, 2016). Section 191: The disclosure of the directors interest is mandatory under this section of Corporations Act, 2001. The section was mainly influenced by the UK Companies Act. The relevance of the section was better understood at the later stage after enactment of Sarbanes Oxley Act, 2002 widely known as SOX Act. The material interest of the directors in the company or in the business deals is to be disclosed. If interested directors are allowed to participate in the discussion regarding a business where one or more interested director is present and voting it may jeopardize the interest of the company. Therefore the disclosure of the interest would help other directors to study the business deal more properly where the interested director is not allowed to vote(Dawson, 2009). The materials interest of the directors is to be notified to the board where any decision regarding would be taken. After several amendments this current section has been able to rightly ask for the disclosures of the directors. This section has however given an exception to one director companies. The back ground of the section is to ensure that any particular undisclosed interest can jeopardize company financial and also the image. Therefore disclosure of the fact has been made relevant. The material interest of the should be informed to the existing board and the notification is to be placed before the meeting of directors wile delegating on the subject regarding which disclosure is being made (SEC, 2016). Section 250R (2) and (3): The target of most of the acts is to ensure that all of the information comes to public domain. The remuneration of the directors is generally fixed at the remuneration committees of the company. The role of the remuneration committee is already clarified in stock exchange listing rules. Despite that the section holds its ground on the fact that every shareholder should be aware of the remuneration of key managerial personnel. If the shareholders are not satisfied they can put a negative vote against the resolution or opt to leave the company as shareholders(ASX, 2016). The target of the section is to create awareness among the shareholders. The AGM notification will ensure that most made of the members would become aware of such remuneration being offered to the directors or to KMPs. This will allow shareholders to assess the financials of the company in a proper manner. The intimation to the shareholders should be a continuous process for the directors which will let them to be informed. The target of the section is to ensure transparency in the affairs of the company and also it does not bind the directors to follow the voting in case of negative vote. The AGM notice shall mandatorily include notice regarding remuneration of the directors according to section 250R (2) (3) of Corporations Act, 2001. This has been the idea of lawmakers behind this section (Austlii, 2016). References: ASX, 2016. Annual General Meeting. [Online] Available at: https://www.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20160418/pdf/436kwng9dkn2sf.pdf [Accessed 13 September 2016]. Austlii, 2016. CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 - SECT 198A. [Online] www.austlii.edu.au Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s198a.html [Accessed 10 September 2016]. Austlii, 2016. CORPORATIONS ACT 2001 - SECT 250R. [Online] www.austlii.edu.au Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s250r.html [Accessed 10 September 2016]. Dawson, B., 2009. Company Law and Governance Update. [Online] Available at: https://www.ashurst.com/doc.aspx?id_Content=7608 [Accessed 13 September 2016]. Legislation, 2001. Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00003 [Accessed 09 September 2016]. SEC, 2016. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. [Online] www.sec.gov Available at: https://www.sec.gov/about/laws/soa2002.pdf [Accessed 10 September 2016].